DIGITAL MEDIA INCLUSION AND GENDER INEQUALITY AMONG WOMEN WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS IN CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU

Authors

  • Shridevi Viswanathan Research Scholar, M.O.P. Vaishnav College for Women (AUTONOMOUS) Department of Communication and Media Studies, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Author
  • Dr. S. Anurekha Associate Professor, and Supervisior Department of Communication and Media Studies M.O.P. Vaishnav College, for Women (Autonomous) Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29121/ShodhVichar.v2.i1.2026.107

Keywords:

Visual Impairment, Women With Disabilities, Digital Media, Social Inclusion, Social Media, Empowerment

Abstract

Women with visual impairments are often viewed as vulnerable rather than empowered individuals. Society frequently perceives women with disabilities as helpless and dependent. Limited access to communication, education, employment opportunities, independent living arrangements, and personal relationships, along with experiences of victimization and abuse, influence how the public perceives them. Among adults aged 18 years and above, women account for a higher proportion of disability, with 19.2% compared to 12% among men, representing nearly one in five women.

Women with disabilities experience systematic marginalization and face attitudinal and environmental barriers that contribute to lower economic and social status. Visual impairment includes all degrees of vision loss, injury, harm, and low vision that limit an individual’s ability to perform everyday activities independently.

Digital Media platforms provide opportunities for interaction, access to information, education, healthcare services, and personal expression. These digital platforms help individuals with visual impairments overcome communication barriers and participate more actively in society. Smartphone and networking sites can therefore play a positive role in improving lifestyle, increasing awareness, and fostering empowerment among women with visual impairments. This study focuses on how social media bridges the information gap and contributes to the empowerment of visually impaired women.

References

Budig, K., Diez, J., Conde, P., Sastre, M., Hernán, M., and Franco, M. (2018). Photovoice and Empowerment: Evaluating the Transformative Potential of a Participatory Action Research Project. Bmc Public Health, 18(1), Article 432. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5335-7

Dobransky, K., and Hargittai, E. (2016). Unrealized Potential: Exploring the Digital Disability Divide. Poetics, 58, 18–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2016.08.003

Ellis, K., and Kent, M. (2011). Disability and New Media. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203831915

Goggin, G. (2017). Disability and Digital Inequalities: Rethinking Digital Inclusion. Information, Communication and Society, 20(6), 827–843.

Goggin, G., and Newell, C. (2003). Digital Disability: The Social Construction of Disability in New Media. Rowman and Littlefield. https://doi.org/10.5771/9780742577015

Jones, N., et al. (2019). Visual Impairment and Social Participation: Challenges and Opportunities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 41(12), 1450–1458.

Kent, M. (2015). Disability and Social Media: Global Perspectives. Communication Research and Practice, 1(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/22041451.2015.1042429

Kent, M. (2015). Thinking Critically About Photovoice: Achieving Empowerment and Social Change. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406918757631

Luthra, R., and Ghosh, S. (2015). Smartphone Accessibility for Visually Impaired Users: Emerging Trends and Challenges. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 31(10), 689–701.

Liebenberg, L. (2018). Thinking Critically About Photovoice: Achieving Empowerment and Social Change. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406918757631

Oliver, M. (1990). The Politics of Disablement. Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-20895-1

Simplican, S. C., Leader, G., Kosciulek, J., and Leahy, M. (2015). Defining Social Inclusion of People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Ecological Model of Social Networks and Community Participation. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 38, 18–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.008

Srinivasan, S. K., Govindharaj, P., and Gopal, P. (2025). Living in Darkness: Quality of Life of Visually Impaired Women Residing in Rural Districts of Tamil Nadu, India. Discover Social Science and Health, 5(1), Article 127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44155-025-00274-6

Subramanian, A., Kodavati, K. P., Kanchustambam, J., and Gothwal, V. K. (2024). Social Media Use and Vision Impairment in Adults Between the Ages of 18 and 35 Years in India. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness. Advance Online Publication. https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0000000000002098

Trevisan, F. (2017). Disability Rights Advocacy Online: Voice, Empowerment and Global Connectivity. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315726489

Tsatsou, P. (2019). Digital Inclusion and Disability: Social Participation in the Digital Age. New Media and Society, 21(4), 1025–1042.

Tsatsou, P. (2021). Is Digital Inclusion Fighting Disability Stigma? Opportunities, Barriers, and Recommendations. Disability and Society, 36(5), 702–729. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2020.1749563

United Nations Women. (2018). The Empowerment of Women and Girls With Disabilities: Towards Full and Effective Participation and Gender Equality. UN Women.

Wang, C., and Burris, M. A. (1997). Photovoice: Concept, Methodology, and Use for Participatory Needs Assessment. Health Education and Behavior, 24(3), 369–387. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819702400309

Watanabe, T., Yamaguchi, T., and Minatani, K. (2008). Universal Design and Accessibility Features in Mobile Technologies for Visually Impaired Users. Universal Access in the Information Society, 7(3), 165–173.

World Health Organization. (2022). Global Report on Health Equity for Persons With Disabilities. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240063600

World Health Organization. (2023). Disability. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health

Downloads

Published

2026-06-27